Psoriasis can be a distressing and uncomfortable condition, particularly when it affects the scalp. The constant itchiness, flaking, and redness can be not only physically inconvenient but also emotionally draining. Fortunately, there are plenty of over-the-counter (OTC) treatment options available that can effectively alleviate the symptoms of scalp psoriasis. From medicated shampoos and creams to natural remedies, you have a range of choices to explore and find relief from this skin condition.
Topical Corticosteroids
Hydrocortisone
Hydrocortisone is a commonly used topical corticosteroid for the treatment of scalp psoriasis. It works by reducing inflammation and suppressing the immune system’s response, thereby alleviating the symptoms of psoriasis. Hydrocortisone is available in various forms such as creams, ointments, and lotions. It is usually applied directly to the affected areas of the scalp. Remember to carefully follow the instructions provided by your healthcare professional or the product packaging when using hydrocortisone for scalp psoriasis.
Triamcinolone
Triamcinolone is another effective topical corticosteroid that is often prescribed for scalp psoriasis. Similar to hydrocortisone, it works by reducing inflammation and suppressing the immune system’s overactive response. Triamcinolone is available in different formulations, including creams, ointments, and gels. It is typically applied to the affected areas of the scalp once or twice daily, as directed by your healthcare provider or the product instructions.
Betamethasone
Betamethasone is a potent topical corticosteroid that can provide fast and effective relief for scalp psoriasis. It works by reducing inflammation and controlling itching and redness associated with psoriasis. Betamethasone is available in different forms, such as creams, ointments, and lotions. It is important to carefully follow the instructions provided by your healthcare professional or the product packaging when using betamethasone for scalp psoriasis.
Salicylic Acid
Mechanism of Action
Salicylic acid is a keratolytic agent that helps remove the scales and dead skin cells associated with scalp psoriasis. It works by softening the outer layer of the skin, allowing the scales to be easily removed. Salicylic acid also helps to reduce inflammation and itching associated with psoriasis. It is commonly used in combination with other treatments for scalp psoriasis to enhance their effectiveness.
Suitable Products
There are several over-the-counter products containing salicylic acid that can be used to treat scalp psoriasis. These products are available in various forms, such as shampoos, creams, ointments, and gels. When choosing a salicylic acid product, it is important to consider the concentration of salicylic acid, as higher concentrations may be more effective but can also increase the risk of skin irritation. It is recommended to start with a lower concentration and gradually increase if necessary. Additionally, it is important to carefully follow the product instructions and consult with a healthcare professional if you have any concerns.
Coal Tar
How It Works
Coal tar is a natural product derived from coal that has been used for many years to treat various skin conditions, including scalp psoriasis. It works by slowing down the rapid growth of skin cells and reducing inflammation. Coal tar is available in different forms, such as shampoos, creams, and ointments. When using coal tar products for scalp psoriasis, it is important to leave the product on the scalp for the recommended amount of time before rinsing off, as this allows the active ingredients to effectively penetrate the skin.
Product Recommendations
There are several over-the-counter coal tar products available for the treatment of scalp psoriasis. These products may come in the form of shampoos, creams, or ointments. Some popular brands include Neutrogena T/Gel, Denorex, and MG217. It is important to carefully follow the product instructions and consult with a healthcare professional if you have any concerns or if your symptoms worsen.
Topical Retinoids
Tazarotene
Tazarotene is a topical retinoid that has been shown to be effective in the treatment of scalp psoriasis. It works by slowing down the growth of skin cells and reducing inflammation. Tazarotene is available in the form of a gel or cream and is typically applied once daily to the affected areas of the scalp. It is important to note that tazarotene can cause skin irritation, so it is recommended to start with a lower concentration and gradually increase if tolerated.
Adapalene
Adapalene is another topical retinoid that can be used to treat scalp psoriasis. It works by reducing inflammation and preventing the formation of new acne lesions. Adapalene is available in the form of a gel or cream and is typically applied once daily to the affected areas of the scalp. Like tazarotene, it can cause skin irritation, so it is important to start with a lower concentration and gradually increase if tolerated.
Vitamin D Analogues
Calcipotriene
Calcipotriene is a synthetic form of vitamin D that has been found to be effective in the treatment of scalp psoriasis. It works by slowing down the growth of skin cells and reducing inflammation. Calcipotriene is available as a cream, ointment, or solution and is typically applied once daily to the affected areas of the scalp. It is important to carefully follow the product instructions and consult with a healthcare professional if you have any concerns.
Calcitriol
Calcitriol is another synthetic form of vitamin D that can be used to treat scalp psoriasis. It works in a similar way to calcipotriene by regulating skin cell growth and reducing inflammation. Calcitriol is available in the form of a solution and is typically applied once daily to the affected areas of the scalp. As with any medication, it is important to follow the product instructions and consult with a healthcare professional if you have any questions or concerns.
Anthralin
Mechanism of Action
Anthralin, also known as dithranol, is a topical medication that has been used for many years to treat scalp psoriasis. It works by slowing down the growth of skin cells and reducing inflammation. Anthralin is typically applied to the affected areas of the scalp and left on for a specific amount of time before being washed off. The exact application guidelines may vary depending on the product and the severity of your psoriasis, so it is important to carefully follow the instructions provided.
Application Guidelines
When using anthralin for scalp psoriasis, it is important to follow the application guidelines provided by your healthcare professional or the product instructions. Generally, it is recommended to start with a lower concentration and gradually increase if tolerated. It is also important to protect the surrounding skin from contact with anthralin, as it can cause irritation. After applying the medication, it is usually necessary to cover the treated area with plastic wrap or a shower cap for a specific amount of time. Finally, the anthralin should be thoroughly washed off, taking care to avoid contact with the eyes and other sensitive areas.
Capsaicin Cream
Effects on Scalp Psoriasis
Capsaicin cream is derived from chili peppers and has been used topically for its pain-relieving properties. While it is not specifically approved for the treatment of scalp psoriasis, some individuals may find it helpful in reducing symptoms such as itching and discomfort. Capsaicin works by desensitizing the nerve endings in the skin, temporarily relieving pain and itching. It is important to note that capsaicin cream can cause a burning sensation or skin irritation, especially if used on broken or sensitive skin.
Usage Considerations
If you are considering using capsaicin cream for scalp psoriasis, it is important to take certain considerations into account. Firstly, it is recommended to perform a patch test before widespread use to check for any adverse reactions. Secondly, always follow the product instructions and start with a low concentration to minimize the risk of skin irritation. Lastly, avoid applying capsaicin cream to broken or sensitive skin, and be cautious to keep it away from the eyes and mucous membranes.
Salicylate-containing Shampoos
Tar-based Shampoos
Tar-based shampoos can be an effective option for treating scalp psoriasis that involves scales and flaking. These shampoos typically contain coal tar as the active ingredient, which helps to slow down the growth of skin cells and reduce inflammation. Tar-based shampoos are usually applied to wet hair, massaged into the scalp, and left on for a few minutes before rinsing off. It is important to note that tar-based shampoos may cause discoloration of lighter-colored hair, so it is recommended to use them with caution and follow the product instructions.
Coal Tar Shampoos
Like tar-based shampoos, coal tar shampoos can also be beneficial for scalp psoriasis. Coal tar is a natural product derived from coal that has been used for many years to treat various skin conditions. Coal tar shampoos work by slowing down the rapid growth of skin cells and reducing inflammation. They are typically used in the same way as tar-based shampoos, by applying to wet hair, massaging into the scalp, and leaving on for a few minutes before rinsing off. It is important to carefully follow the product instructions and consult with a healthcare professional if you have any concerns.
Moisturizers and Emollients
Importance in Scalp Psoriasis Care
Moisturizers and emollients are an essential part of scalp psoriasis care. They help to soothe dry, itchy skin, reduce flaking, and improve the overall condition of the scalp. Regular use of moisturizers can also help to prevent flare-ups and maintain the skin’s barrier function. When choosing a moisturizer or emollient for scalp psoriasis, it is important to opt for products that are fragrance-free and specifically formulated for sensitive skin.
Recommended Products
There are numerous moisturizers and emollients available that can be used to manage scalp psoriasis. Some recommended options include creams, lotions, or ointments containing ingredients such as ceramides, shea butter, or petrolatum. It is important to choose products that are suitable for your skin type and preferences. Applying moisturizers or emollients after washing or treating your scalp can help lock in moisture and provide relief from dryness and itching.
Specialty Scalp Psoriasis Shampoos
Zinc Pyrithione Shampoos
Zinc pyrithione shampoos can be a helpful addition to your scalp psoriasis care routine. Zinc pyrithione has antifungal and antibacterial properties, which can aid in reducing scalp inflammation and controlling flaking. These shampoos are generally used by applying to wet hair, massaging into the scalp, and leaving on for a few minutes before rinsing off. It is important to follow the product instructions and consider using zinc pyrithione shampoos in conjunction with other scalp psoriasis treatments for optimal results.
Ketoconazole Shampoos
Ketoconazole shampoos can also be beneficial for scalp psoriasis due to their antifungal properties. While scalp psoriasis is not caused by a fungal infection, there is evidence to suggest that fungal overgrowth may contribute to the development of psoriatic plaques. Ketoconazole shampoos can help to reduce fungal activity, alleviate itching, and improve the overall condition of the scalp. These shampoos are typically used by applying to wet hair, massaging into the scalp, and leaving on for a few minutes before rinsing off. It is important to carefully follow the product instructions and consult with a healthcare professional if you have any concerns.
In conclusion, there are various effective over-the-counter treatment options available for scalp psoriasis. Topical corticosteroids such as hydrocortisone, triamcinolone, and betamethasone can help alleviate inflammation and suppress the immune system’s response. Salicylic acid, coal tar, and topical retinoids like tazarotene and adapalene can aid in reducing scaling, inflammation, and itching. Vitamin D analogues such as calcipotriene and calcitriol can slow down skin cell growth and alleviate inflammation. Anthralin provides benefits by slowing down skin cell growth, and capsaicin cream can temporarily relieve pain and itching. Salicylate-containing shampoos and moisturizers can provide relief and maintain the scalp’s health. Lastly, specialty scalp psoriasis shampoos containing ingredients such as zinc pyrithione and ketoconazole can help control flaking and reduce fungal activity. Remember to consult with a healthcare professional for guidance in choosing the most appropriate treatment options for your specific scalp psoriasis symptoms.